De fleste computerbrugere kender til begrebet Firewall . Firewalls er hardwareenheder^(Hardware) eller softwareprogrammer^(Software) , der overvåger indgående og udgående forbindelser, der analyserer pakkedataene for ondsindet adfærd. Som definitionen siger, er der både software- og hardwarefirewalls . I denne moderne tidsalder er vi bogstaveligt talt i krig med hackere og malware- og virusudviklere, hele tiden og datasikkerhed er blevet den største bekymring. For at beskytte vores computere bruger vi sikkerhedssoftware som AntiVirus og Firewalls – og som vi lige har nævnt, er der to slags firewalls – Hardware-firewalls  og Software-firewalls.

Hardware firewall vs. Software firewall

I denne artikel vil vi tale om forskellen mellem Software Firewall  og Hardware Firewall .

Hardware Firewall

Hardware-firewalls ses for det meste i bredbåndsmodemmer og er den første forsvarslinje ved hjælp af pakkefiltrering^{(Packet Filtering)} . Inden en internetpakke^(Internet) når din pc, overvåger hardware-firewallen^{(Hardware Firewall)} pakkerne og tjekker, hvor den kommer fra. Den kontrollerer også, om IP-adressen eller headeren kan stoles på. Efter disse kontroller når pakken derefter din pc. Det blokerer alle links, der indeholder ondsindet adfærd baseret på den aktuelle firewall -opsætning på enheden. En Hardware Firewall behøver normalt ikke en masse konfiguration. De fleste af reglerne er indbyggede og foruddefinerede og baseret på disse indbyggede regler; Pakkefiltreringen^{(Packet Filtering)} er udført.

Dagens teknologi er forbedret så meget, at det ikke kun er den traditionelle pakkefiltrering^{(Packet Filtering)} , der udføres. Hardware Firewallen^{(Hardware Firewall)} har indbygget IPS / IPDS ( Intrusion Prevention Systems ), som tidligere plejede at være en separat enhed. Men nu er disse inkluderet, hvilket giver os større beskyttelse.

Når en IPDS registrerer ondsindet aktivitet, sender og signalerer den og nulstiller forbindelsen og blokerer IP-adressen. Den bruger signaturbaseret, statistisk anomalibaseret og stateful protokolanalyse. Det kan du læse mere om her^(here) . Men den største ulempe, jeg finder, er, at den tillader alle de udgående pakker, dvs. hvis der ved et tilfælde kom malware ind i dit system og begyndte at transmittere data, ville det være tilladt, medmindre brugeren blev opmærksom på det og besluttede at stoppe det. Men i de fleste tilfælde sker dette ikke.

Hardware Firewall er typisk god til små eller mellemstore virksomhedsejere, med 5 eller flere pc'er eller et samarbejdsmiljø. Hovedårsagen er, at det så bliver omkostningseffektivt, fordi hvis du skal købe Internet Security/Firewall -softwarelicenser for 10 til 50 eksemplarer, og det også på årsabonnementsbasis, vil det koste mange penge, og implementeringen kan også være et problem. Brugerne får bedre kontrol over miljøet. Hvis brugeren ikke er teknisk kyndig, og hvis de vælger utilsigtet at tillade en forbindelse, der har Malware - adfærd, kan det ødelægge hele netværket og sætte virksomheden i fare med datasikkerhed. En hardware-firewall kunne derfor være meget nyttig i sådanne tilfælde.

Der er altid få ting, du skal overveje,^{(things you have to consider)} før du køber en hardwarebaseret firewall. Antallet af brugere i dit netværk, antallet af VPN -brugere i dit netværk, fordi undervurdering af antallet kan udmatte ydeevnen af ​​din enhed og også påvirke ydeevnen af ​​internetforbindelsen^(Internet) . Sørg også for, at du har nok licens til VPN - klientforbindelse, og den har også SSL , PPTP , osv. forbindelsessupport. Selvom du skal betale et abonnement, så gå efter det – for et abonnement betyder, at du får de nyeste definitioner.

Producenter inkluderer nu Gateway Antivirus , Malware- scannere og Indholdsfiltre^{(Content Filters)} , så du får maksimal beskyttelse med dem. For eksempel inkluderer CISCO Hardware "Cisco ProtectLink Security Solutions" på udvalgte enheder. Den adresserer en specifik sikkerhedstrussel, og som en del af den overordnede sikkerhed giver tilgangen lag af beskyttelse mod forskellige trusler.

Der er mange virksomheder, du kan vælge imellem, såsom CISCO , SonicWall , Netgear , ProSafe , D-Link osv. Sørg for, at du enten har en certificeret netværksprofessionel med dig under opsætningen eller god teknisk support, for tro mig, du har brug for dem, når du konfigurerer systemet.

Læs^(Read) : Forskellige typer firewalls : Deres fordele og ulemper

Software Firewall

Nu hvor vi ved, hvordan hardwarefirewalls fungerer, vil jeg tale lidt om softwarefirewalls . For at være ærlig behøver softwarefirewalls ikke en masse forklaring, fordi de fleste af os er klar over det og allerede bruger dem. Som jeg sagde i Hardware Firewall -sektionen, hvis brugeren ikke er teknisk kyndig, og hvis de vælger at tillade en forbindelse, der har Malware - adfærd, kan det ødelægge hele netværket og sætte virksomheden i fare med datasikkerhed. Det er her software firewall kommer ind i billedet, da vi her kan blokere både indgående og udgående forbindelser og opsætte betroede regler, så disse ulykker kan undgås.^{(That’s where software firewall comes into the picture, as here can we block both incoming and outgoing connections and set up trusted rules so these accidents can be avoided.)}  Firewall-leverandører forsker konstant i denne sag og ser opdateringer efter behov, så chancerne for, at din computer bliver kompromitteret, er lille.

Det er en forvirrende opgave at vælge en komplet internetsikkerhedsløsning^{(Internet Security)} , der passer til dig. Når du søger i fora, kan du se en flammende debat, hvor hvert medlem forsvarer deres foretrukne. Du vil gå tabt i disse debatter, der ender med at blive mere forvirret, end da du startede. Reglen er at sætte dine prioriteter lige. Lav en liste over ting, du ønsker. Vil du for eksempel have en gratis Firewall- løsning eller en betalt? Hvilke funktioner har du brug for i din Firewall , Hvilke yderligere funktioner kræves, f.eks . Antispam , Webbeskyttelse^{(Web Protection)} , Malware - scanner, Antivirus osv. Vil du gå ind for en Internet Security Suite? Når du har besluttet dig, skal du sammenligne funktionerne. Jeg bruger Windows Firewall . Den eneste ulempe, jeg synes, den har, er, at den som standard tillader alle de udgående forbindelser. Så jeg brugte en ekstra applikation kaldet Windows Firewall Control - som vi kan sætte op til at blokere alle udgående forbindelser og også opsætningsreglerne for dem, vi ønsker, med et enkelt klik. De har både en gratis version og en professionel betalingsversion, men den gratis version er mere end nok. Windows Firewall Control  og Windows Firewall Notifier er de to andre freeware, du kan tjekke ud.

Som Marcus J. Ranum sagde, "Computersikkerhed er intet andet end opmærksomhed på detaljer^{(attention to detail)} og godt design^{(good design)} ". Håber dette vil hjælpe dig med at beslutte, hvilken du vil have.

Sophos XG Firewall Home Edition er en hardware-type firewall-software, du måske vil tage et kig på.

Tomorrow we will list some good freeware third-party firewall software for Windows, so stay tuned! But while on this topic, we’d love to hear of any hardware firewalls you’d like to recommend.

Hardware firewall vs Software firewall - Difference

Most computer users are familiar with the term Firewall. Firewalls are Hardware devices or Software programs that monitor incoming and outgoing connections analyzing the packet data for malicious behavior.  Like the definition says, there are both Software and Hardware Firewalls. In this modern age, we are literally at war with hackers and malware and virus developers, all the time and data security has become the number one concern.  To protect our computers, we use security software like AntiVirus and Firewalls – and as we just mentioned, there are two kinds of firewalls – Hardware firewalls and Software firewalls.

Hardware firewall vs. Software firewall

In this article, we’ll talk about the difference between Software Firewall & Hardware Firewall.

Hardware Firewall

Hardware Firewalls are mostly seen in broadband modems, and are the first line of defense, using Packet Filtering. Before an Internet packet reaches your PC, the Hardware Firewall will monitor the packets and check where it comes from. It also checks if the IP address or header can be trusted. After these checks, the packet then reaches your PC. It blocks any links that contain malicious behavior based on the current Firewall setup in the device. A Hardware Firewall usually does not need a lot of configuration. Most of the rules are built-in and predefined and based on these inbuilt rules; the Packet Filtering is done.

Today’s technology has improved so much that it not just the traditional Packet Filtering which is carried out. The Hardware Firewall has built-in IPS / IPDS (Intrusion Prevention Systems), which earlier used to be a separate device. But now these are included, offering us greater protection.

When an IPDS detects malicious activity, it sends and signal and reset the connection, and blocks the IP address. It uses signature-based, statistical anomaly-based, and stateful protocol analysis. You can read more about this here. But the main drawback I find is that it allows all the outgoing packets, i.e., if by chance, malware got into your system and started transmitting data, it would be allowed unless the user became aware of it, and decided to stop it. But in most cases, this does not happen.

Hardware Firewall is typically good for small or medium business owners, with 5 or more PC or a co-operate environment. The main reason is that it then becomes cost-effective because if you’re to purchase Internet Security/Firewall software licenses for 10 to 50 copies, and that too on an annual subscription basis, it will cost a lot of money and deployment could also be an issue. The users will have better control over the environment. If the user is not tech-savvy and if they choose to inadvertently allow a connection that has Malware behavior, it could ruin the entire network and put the company at risk with data security. A hardware firewall could thus be very useful in such cases.

There are always few things you have to consider before buying a Hardware-based firewall. The number of users in your network, the number of VPN users in your network, because underestimating the number could exhaust the performance of your device and affect the performance of the Internet connection as well. Also, make sure you have enough license for VPN client connection, and it has SSL, PPTP, etc. connection support too. Even if you have to pay a subscription, go for it – because a subscription means that you get the latest definitions.

Manufacturers are now including Gateway Antivirus, Malware scanners, and Content Filters, so you’ll get maximum protection with them. For example, CISCO Hardware includes  “Cisco ProtectLink Security Solutions” on selected devices. It addresses a specific security threat, and as part of overall security, the approach provides layers of protection against different threats.

There are a lot of companies you can choose from like CISCO, SonicWall, Netgear, ProSafe, D-Link, etc. Make sure you either have a certified network professional with you while setting up or good tech support because trust me you’ll need them when you configure the system.

Read: Different types of Firewalls: Their advantages and disadvantages

Software Firewall

Now that we know how Hardware Firewalls work, I’ll talk a bit about Software Firewalls.  To be honest, Software Firewalls do not need a whole lot of explanation because most of us are aware of it and are already using them. Like I said in the Hardware Firewall section if the user is not tech-savvy and if they choose to allow a connection that has Malware behavior, it could ruin the entire network and put the company at risk with data security. That’s where software firewall comes into the picture, as here can we block both incoming and outgoing connections and set up trusted rules so these accidents can be avoided.  Firewall vendors constantly research in this matter and see out updates as and when required, so the chances of your computer getting compromised are slim.

It’s a confusing job to pick a complete Internet Security solution that is just right for you. When you search in forums, you can see a flaming debate, where each member is defending their favorite ones. You’ll be lost in these debates ending up more confused than when you started. The rule is to set your priorities straight. Create a list of things you want. For example, do you want a free Firewall solution or paid one? What features you need in your Firewall, What additional features are required, like say Antispam, Web Protection, Malware scanner, Antivirus, etc. Do you want to go in for an Internet Security Suite? Once you decide, then compare the features. I for one use Windows Firewall. The only drawback I find it has is that, by default, it allows all the outgoing connections. So I used an additional application called Windows Firewall Control – which we can set up to block all the outgoing connections and also the setup rules for the ones we want, with a simple click. They have both a free version and a professional paid version, but the free version is more than enough. Windows Firewall Control and Windows Firewall Notifier are the other two freeware you could check out.

Like Marcus J. Ranum said, “Computer security is nothing but attention to detail and good design”. Hope this will help you decide which one you want.

Sophos XG Firewall Home Edition is a hardware-type firewall software you might want to take a look at.

Tomorrow we will list some good freeware third-party firewall software for Windows, so stay tuned! But while on this topic, we’d love to hear of any hardware firewalls you’d like to recommend.

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